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In middle childhood, children tend to choose friends who share the same sex, race, and economic background.

A) True
B) False

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Part of the definition of resilience is that the adversity must be _____.

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Accumulated stresses over time, including minor ones, are more devastating than an isolated major stress.

A) True
B) False

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Natasha, a 9-year-old girl, spends many summer afternoons playing with her 6-year-old cousin, teaching her the rules of games, childhood rituals, and values. Carol is passing down _____ culture to her cousin.

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Research shows that a child is most likely to be a victim of bullying if the child is _____.


A) withdrawn-rejected
B) aggressive-rejected
C) "under the radar"
D) liked by peers

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Families do not need to provide opportunities for the development of peer relationships; it is best if those develop on their own, without any assistance from the family.

A) True
B) False

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Keeping secrets is part of the culture of children.

A) True
B) False

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Dimitri has been married before and has two biological children. He has just married Natasha, who has also been married before and has a biological son. Their family is an example of a _____ family.


A) polygamous
B) nuclear
C) stepparent
D) traditional

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Describe characteristics of children who are popular and well liked. Next, list and summarize traits associated with children who are unpopular.

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At every age, children who are outgoing,...

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The most common type of family for children in the United States is the _____.


A) extended family
B) single-parent family
C) nuclear family
D) blended family

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In 1980, the dominant idea about resilience was that _____.


A) differential susceptibility means identical stressors can benefit one child and harm another
B) all children have the same needs for healthy development
C) nothing inevitably causes harm
D) strengths vary by cultural and national values

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Who is MOST likely to experience few psychological problems during middle childhood?


A) Richard, who is being raised by his single mom
B) Tony, who is being raised by his single dad
C) Alberto, who is being raised by his biological mother and father
D) Gareth, who is being raised by his biological mother and her romantic partner

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Joshua and Jeanette are brother and sister who live with their biological parents. They live in a(n) _____ family.


A) extended
B) blended
C) foster
D) nuclear

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Family conflict harms children only when adults fight about child rearing.

A) True
B) False

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Research indicates that a child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and _____.


A) will always show resilience no matter how the child's life changes
B) will only show resilience if the child's current experiences remain the same
C) will only show resilience if the child's current experiences get worse
D) may or may not show resilience in the future

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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_____ occurs when children try to take care of everyone, including their parents.

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According to Sigmund Freud, what will 8-year-old Sven experience?


A) no sexual interests
B) unconscious sexual conflicts
C) increased emotional drives
D) a new interest in girls

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Three of the five essential functions of the _____ for school-age children include providing physical necessities, helping the child to develop self-respect, and nurturing peer relationships.

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Steve, a divorced father of two, and Caroline, a widowed mother of three, got married and created a(n) _____ family of seven, also known as a "blended family."

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Children who are disliked by peers due to their antagonistic, confrontational behavior are _____-rejected.

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