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Exam 7: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following statements about heredity and intelligence is TRUE?

A) Similarities in intelligence between identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different houses must be due to heredity.
B) Differences in intelligence between identical twins must be due to differences in their environments.
C) If identical twins are separated at birth and raised in different homes,yet still have similar intelligence scores,the similarity in their scores must be due to hereditary influences.
D) Prenatal influences have little,if any,influence on intelligence and need not be taken into account when studying environmental influences.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Question 72

Multiple Choice

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A group of psychologists reviews the literature on the heritability of intelligence.They conclude that most of the estimates indicate that _______percent of intelligence is due to genetics.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 50
D) 80

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Question 73

Multiple Choice

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Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart.Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together.Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores,if either?

One might criticize the study of Terman's termites because it _____________.

According to Robert Sternberg,_______________ is best described as "street smarts," or the ability to use information to get along in life.People who have it know how to be tactful,how to manipulate situations to their advantage,and how to use inside information to increase their odds of success.

Many items on a "culture-fair" test require the use of _______________.

The system of rules for combining words and phrases to make meaningful sentences is called ____________.

Seventy percent of the students in a classroom are women and 30 percent are men.One student is described as ambitious,athletic,and assertive.Why are most people likely to think this description refers to a male student?

The tendency to perceive and approach problems in the same ways that have worked in the past is called __________.

When people are asked to say how many windows they have in their dwelling,the amount of time people take to come up with the answer ______________.

Which of these is an element of the formal definition of mental retardation?

Which developmental psychologist theorized that concepts preceded and aided the development of language?

The system of rules that governs how we assign meaning to the morphemes we use is called ______.

Sally is enrolled in a high school geometry course,which she describes as "drawing figures and figuring drawings." In a typical class,students draw geometric figures and use a formula to calculate an aspect of the figure such as its area.Each time Sally uses a formula she is making use of what psychologists call ___________.

What are the three parts of Sternberg's theory of intelligence?

What is the definition of language? What is the evidence,pro and con,as to whether nonhuman animals have a capacity for language?

Gardner and his associates are known for proposing ______.

What are mental categories representing activities,objects,qualities,or situations that share some common characteristics?

___________ thinking works well for routine problem solving but may be of little use when a more creative solution is needed.

A 10-year-old child who scored like an average 8-year-old on an intelligence test would have an IQ of 80.