Question 1

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because they

Accepted Answer

A)   All of the answer choices are correct.
B)   are resistant to immune defenses.
C)   may form on catheters.
D)   are resistant to treatment with antibiotics.
E)   can form dental plaque.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

One way that antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria arise is that patients do not follow the instructions for taking the drug.In a typical scenario,a drug may be prescribed for a week,but the patient may stop taking it after 2 to 3 days if they start to feel better.Then when the infection flares up again,they take the rest of their dose.Why would this scenario lead to drug resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)   The first round of treatment gives the bacteria a chance to learn how to metabolize the drug.
B)   The first round of treatment does not kill the most resistant bacteria, which then increase in number.
C)   The first round of treatment suppresses the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to other infections.
D)   A patient begins to develop resistance to the drug.
E)   The body clears the drug faster, once it is exposed a second time.F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate aerobe.In which organ would you expect to find these bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   kidney
B)   lung
C)   liver
D)   brain
E)   intestinesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Cyanobacteria can derive nutritional carbon molecules by consuming those from other organisms,or by producing them from inorganic carbon (atmospheric CO2) through photosynthesis.In which of the following ecological groups would they also be considered?

Accepted Answer

A)   chemotrophic
B)   obligate anaerobes
C)   both heterotrophic and autotrophic
D)   autotrophic
E)   heterotrophicF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can remain in one location in our intestines.They would most likely contain which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia
B)   pili
C)   glycocalyx
D)   flagella
E)   spirochetesF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)   to allow it to break down the cell walls of plants
B)   to protect itself from a host immune system
C)   to kill competing bacteria of the same species
D)   to kill viruses that may try to infect it
E)   to kill competing bacteria of different speciesF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   halophile.
B)   acidophile.
C)   basophile.
D)   thermophile.
E)   hydrophile.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria.The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs.The fact that this process works is consistent with which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria have evolved to mimic human cells.
B)   Humans and bacteria share a common ancestor.
C)   Bacteria need to make human proteins to live inside the human body.
D)   Bacteria cannot divide unless they are inside a host cell.
E)   Human and bacteria use different genetic material.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Prokaryotes,such as Bacteria and Archaea,are biologically distinct from eukaryotes for all but which of the following traits?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bounded organelles.
B)   Prokaryotes are single-celled.
C)   Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus.
D)   Prokaryotes do not have ribosomes.
E)   Prokaryotes do not have a chromosome.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a prokaryote is

Accepted Answer

A)   attachment.
B)   protection from immune system cells.
C)   production of biofilms.
D)   protein synthesis.
E)   resistance to drying.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can only survive in soil away from oxygen.It is considered which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   a facultative anaerobe
B)   an autotroph
C)   an obligate anaerobe
D)   a phototroph
E)   aerobicF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small,circular chromosomes.This observation is evidence which supports the endosymbiotic theory,proposing that chloroplasts and mitochondria arose from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   protists
B)   viruses
C)   naked DNA
D)   bacteria
E)   other eukaryotic cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and,in high doses,can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would botox be an adaptation for Clostridium botulinum?

Accepted Answer

A)   Botox allows the bacteria to gain more food.
B)   Botox allows the bacteria to gain more oxygen.
C)   Botox prevents antibiotics from entering the gut.
D)   Botox prevents the intestines from removing the bacteria.
E)   Botox prevents other bacteria from entering the gut.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 15

An asexual process used by prokaryotes,in which replicated DNA and other cell parts are distributed into two daughter cells,is called

Accepted Answer

A)   conjugation.
B)   daughter cell duplication.
C)   mitosis.
D)   binary fusion.
E)   None of the answer choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 16

The structure that aids in locomotion of some prokaryotes is a

Accepted Answer

A)   pilus.
B)   flagellum and cilium.
C)   cilium.
D)   flagellum and pilus.
E)   flagellum.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Biofilms are organized aggregates of bacteria that may

Accepted Answer

A)   form differentiated structures with specialized functions.
B)   All of the answer choices are correct.
C)   form when bacteria settle and reproduce on a solid surface.
D)   communicate with one another.
E)   protect one another.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA
B)   a cell wall
C)   a cell membrane
D)   DNA
E)   a nucleusF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A microbiologist Gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies the

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterium as gram-positive.
B)   bacterium as gram-negative.
C)   bacterium as a bacterium that causes human disease.
D)   species of bacterium.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: Bacteria and Archaea

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because they

Correct Answer
verified

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small,circular chromosomes.This observation is evidence which supports the endosymbiotic theory,proposing that chloroplasts and mitochondria arose from which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

An asexual process used by prokaryotes,in which replicated DNA and other cell parts are distributed into two daughter cells,is called

Correct Answer
verified

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Correct Answer
verified

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can remain in one location in our intestines.They would most likely contain which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The structure that aids in locomotion of some prokaryotes is a

Correct Answer
verified

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a prokaryote is

Correct Answer
verified

Cyanobacteria can derive nutritional carbon molecules by consuming those from other organisms,or by producing them from inorganic carbon (atmospheric CO₂) through photosynthesis.In which of the following ecological groups would they also be considered?

Correct Answer
verified

Prokaryotes,such as Bacteria and Archaea,are biologically distinct from eukaryotes for all but which of the following traits?

Correct Answer
verified

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can only survive in soil away from oxygen.It is considered which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate aerobe.In which organ would you expect to find these bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Correct Answer
verified

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Correct Answer
verified

A microbiologist Gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies the

Correct Answer
verified

Biofilms are organized aggregates of bacteria that may

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria.The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs.The fact that this process works is consistent with which statement?

Correct Answer
verified

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and,in high doses,can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would botox be an adaptation for Clostridium botulinum?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 17: Bacteria and Archaea

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small,circular chromosomes.This observation is evidence which supports the endosymbiotic theory,proposing that chloroplasts and mitochondria arose from which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An asexual process used by prokaryotes,in which replicated DNA and other cell parts are distributed into two daughter cells,is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can remain in one location in our intestines.They would most likely contain which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure that aids in locomotion of some prokaryotes is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a prokaryote is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cyanobacteria can derive nutritional carbon molecules by consuming those from other organisms,or by producing them from inorganic carbon (atmospheric CO2) through photosynthesis.In which of the following ecological groups would they also be considered?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prokaryotes,such as Bacteria and Archaea,are biologically distinct from eukaryotes for all but which of the following traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can only survive in soil away from oxygen.It is considered which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate aerobe.In which organ would you expect to find these bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A microbiologist Gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biofilms are organized aggregates of bacteria that may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria.The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs.The fact that this process works is consistent with which statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and,in high doses,can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would botox be an adaptation for Clostridium botulinum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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verified

Cyanobacteria can derive nutritional carbon molecules by consuming those from other organisms,or by producing them from inorganic carbon (atmospheric CO₂) through photosynthesis.In which of the following ecological groups would they also be considered?

Correct Answer
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