Question 1

To express a gene,DNA is first transcribed into a corresponding strand of

Accepted Answer

A)   mtDNA.
B)   rRNA.
C)   mRNA.
D)   tRNA.
E)   siRNA.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

Place the types of RNA molecules in correct size order,from smallest to largest.

Accepted Answer

A)   mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
B)   aRNA, bRNA, cRNA
C)   tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
D)   tDNA, rDNA, mDNA
E)   proline, glycine, tyrosineF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

In addition to encoding protein,DNA sequences in the human genome

Accepted Answer

A)   encode fats.
B)   control the sequences that encode proteins.
C)   encode carbohydrates.
D)   encode themselves.
E)   rapidly interconvert to RNA.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 4

If part of a DNA template is the sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT,then the mRNA transcribed from it is

Accepted Answer

A)   GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT.
B)   CAATCAGACACCCGA.
C)   CAAUCAGACACCCGA.
D)   gln-ser-asp-thr-arg.
E)   val-ser-leu-trp-ala.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which codons are synonymous?

Accepted Answer

A)   CAC and CAG
B)   CAC and CAU
C)   ACA and AGC
D)   UCC and GAC
E)   CCC and AAAF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

The DNA template ATGCGTTA is transcribed into an RNA strand with the sequence

Accepted Answer

A)   TACGCAAT.
B)   UAACGCAU.
C)   UACGCAAU.
D)   AUGCGAAU.
E)   AUGCGUUA.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

There are __ different sequences of codons possible in the genetic code.

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   4
C)   16
D)   64
E)   46F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

The linear order of amino acids in a polypeptide is the _______ structure of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A)   primary
B)   secondary
C)   tertiary
D)   quaternary
E)   chaperoneF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Diseases that are caused by protein misfolding include

Accepted Answer

A)   tuberculosis, malaria, and AIDS.
B)   river blindness, leprosy, and African sleeping sickness.
C)   cystic fibrosis, Huntington disease, and sickle cell disease.
D)   acne, restless legs syndrome, and insomnia.
E)   cancer, pulmonary embolism, and hypertension.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

The scientists who identified a set of coordinately regulated genes,called an operon,responsible for lactose metabolism in E.coli were

Accepted Answer

A)  Watson and Crick.
B)  Meselson and Stahl.
C)  Jacob and Monod.
D)  Hershey and Chase.
E)  Linus and Pauling.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The most likely explanation for the fact that the human genome consists of 3.2 billion bases,and encodes about 20,325 proteins,is that

Accepted Answer

A)   all of the genome encodes protein.
B)   the genome includes many copies of the instructions for each type of protein.
C)   amino acids encode DNA sequences.
D)   much of the genome does not encode protein.
E)   each protein is encoded by about 160,000 DNA bases.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

A signal sequence

Accepted Answer

A)   directs RNA nucleotides to a particular gene.
B)   attracts tRNAs to an mRNA.
C)   is the first part of a protein's amino acid sequence that helps to direct it to a certain part of the cell.
D)   is a coding codon that mutates into a stop codon.
E)   is part of proteins that are synthesized on free ribosomes.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Which choice is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acid, peptide, polypeptide, protein
B)   protein, polypeptide, peptide, amino acid
C)   genome, chromosome, gene, DNA
D)   amino acid, DNA, peptide, gene
E)   peptide, polypeptide, amino acid, proteinF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Part of a DNA template of sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT corresponds to the amino acid sequence

Accepted Answer

A)   GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT.
B)   CAATCAGACACCCGA.
C)   CAAUCAGACACCCGA.
D)   gln-ser-asp-thr-arg.
E)   val-ser-leu-trp-ala.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

___ tRNAs are required to translate the DNA template sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT into amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)   Two
B)   Three
C)   Four
D)   Twenty
E)   Sixty-fourF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

RNA differs from DNA in that

Accepted Answer

A)   most of it is single-stranded.
B)   it is usually double-stranded.
C)   it has thymine instead of uracil.
D)   it has deoxyribose instead of ribose.
E)   it encodes information but has no other functions.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

In a bacterial cell,the three genes of the lactose operon are

Accepted Answer

A)   expressed continuously.
B)   expressed only when lactose is absent.
C)   expressed when lactose synthesis is required.
D)   expressed only in the presence of lactose.
E)   never expressed, because they are pseudogenes.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

During transcription

Accepted Answer

A)   protein is synthesized from DNA.
B)   DNA is replicated.
C)   RNA is synthesized from protein.
D)   RNA is synthesized from DNA.
E)   protein is synthesized from amino acids.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

A mutation that adds one or two bases to a gene disrupts the

Accepted Answer

A)   replicating frame.
B)   intron index.
C)   genetic code.
D)   reading frame.
E)   mutational profile.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Ribose is an important component of RNA because

Accepted Answer

A)   it is less stable than deoxyribose, which enables RNA to function as a short-term carrier of genetic information.
B)   it is more stable than deoxyribose, which enables RNA to function as a short-term carrier of genetic information.
C)   it is less stable than deoxyribose, which enables RNA to function as a long-term carrier of genetic information.
D)   it is more stable than deoxyribose, which enables RNA to function as a long-term carrier of genetic information.
E)   it is as stable as deoxyribose, which makes RNA and DNA functionally equivalent.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 10: Gene Action: From Dna to Protein

The most likely explanation for the fact that the human genome consists of 3.2 billion bases,and encodes about 20,325 proteins,is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation that adds one or two bases to a gene disrupts the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which choice is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A signal sequence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientists who identified a set of coordinately regulated genes,called an operon,responsible for lactose metabolism in E.coli were

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a bacterial cell,the three genes of the lactose operon are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To express a gene,DNA is first transcribed into a corresponding strand of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If part of a DNA template is the sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT,then the mRNA transcribed from it is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to encoding protein,DNA sequences in the human genome

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which codons are synonymous?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribose is an important component of RNA because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Part of a DNA template of sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT corresponds to the amino acid sequence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases that are caused by protein misfolding include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Place the types of RNA molecules in correct size order,from smallest to largest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The DNA template ATGCGTTA is transcribed into an RNA strand with the sequence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During transcription

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are __ different sequences of codons possible in the genetic code.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA differs from DNA in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

___ tRNAs are required to translate the DNA template sequence GTTAGTCTGTGGGCT into amino acids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The linear order of amino acids in a polypeptide is the _______ structure of a protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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