Question 1

Calvin's theology emphasized first and foremost:

Accepted Answer

A)   the absolute obedience owed to the Consistory.
B)   membership in the Calvinist church.
C)   the importance of proper conduct in the world.
D)   the paradox that some are predestined to heaven and others to hell.
E)   the sovereignty and omnipotence of God.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 2

The "tower experience" refers to Saint Paul's experience in jail.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In what ways was the relationship between Luther and the German princes a symbiotic one?

Accepted Answer

The power of rulers to determine the rel...

Question 4

During the sixteenth century,the most successful missionaries were the:

Accepted Answer

A)   Lutherans.
B)   Catholics.
C)   Russian Orthodox Church.
D)   Calvinists.
E)   Puritans.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

For Zwingli,the Eucharist:

Accepted Answer

A)   offered Christ's real presence through the communion elements.
B)   was an important commemoration of Christ's historical sacrifice on the cross.
C)   was the one Roman Catholic sacrament that did not need to be reformed.
D)   was a corrupt rite that no longer needed to be celebrated in Christian churches.
E)   was a sacrament that had no basis in Scripture.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

One reason why Luther was able to win great public support for his position was the introduction of:

Accepted Answer

A)   new sacraments into his religious worship.
B)   printed pamphlets to disseminate his views.
C)   married clergy.
D)   additional feast days into the religious calendar.
E)   redistribution of Church lands to the peasants.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The Index of Prohibited Books included works by the Catholic humanist Erasmus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the year 1500,the social and economic prospects of Europe were:

Accepted Answer

A)   on the rise, spurred by thriving monastic orders and the influential reforms of conclavist thinkers.
B)   on the rise, spurred by commercial expansion and a new religious enthusiasm among the laity.
C)   on the decline, weakened by destabilized national monarchies and a falling population.
D)   on the decline, weakened by a papacy with no support from the major European rulers.
E)   relatively unchanged from the two prior centuries.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

In Switzerland,Protestant reforms were usually imposed by:

Accepted Answer

A)   popular vote.
B)   leading citizens.
C)   territorial princes.
D)   the lesser nobility.
E)   the peasants threatening rebellion.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Why would Clement VII not permit King Henry VIII of England to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Because the Catholic Church does not permit divorce and remarriage under any circumstance whatsoever.
B)   Because the pope believed Henry's marriage to Catherine was valid.
C)   Because the pope wanted the Tudor dynasty to come to an end.
D)   Because Catherine's nephew, Emperor Charles V, controlled Rome at the time and disapproved of Henry's request for a divorce.
E)   Because the pope believed such a union would be sinful as Anne was Catherine's sister.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

In contrast to Lutherans,Zwinglians,and Calvinists,Anabaptists:

Accepted Answer

A)   believed that only adults should be baptized, not children.
B)   believed that everyone should belong to a single, universal church.
C)   supported religious revolution, through violence if necessary.
D)   were communists and polygamists.
E)   were pacifists who believed that only through prayer could their movement succeed.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

In the secular world,Protestantism served to:

Accepted Answer

A)   free people from the constraints of political leaders.
B)   allow local leaders to maintain their control over people.
C)   bind people more closely to their local churches.
D)   free people from close control by their local church.
E)   make for a better work force for the guilds.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The Church taught that indulgences worked to reduce the penance that the individual owed to God:

Accepted Answer

A)   through the prayers of the faithful paid for by the indulgence.
B)   by the special blessing from the pope paid for by the indulgence.
C)   by drawing on the good deeds of martyrs and saints from the Treasury of Merits.
D)   through the buildings paid for by the indulgences of many people.
E)   by the appeal made through the indulgence for Mary to intercede with God for the individual.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Protestants believed that people were naturally good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A leading churchman in the Church's effort to reform itself was:

Accepted Answer

A)   Pope Paul III.
B)   Ignatius Loyola.
C)   Francis Xavier.
D)   Pope Pius V.
E)   Francisco Ximenes de Cisneros.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Queen Elizabeth I offended some extreme Protestants by:

Accepted Answer

A)   prohibiting priests and ministers from marrying.
B)   allowing monasteries and convents to reopen.
C)   insisting that church services be held in Latin.
D)   retaining Church government by bishops.
E)   accepting papal authority over the monasteries and convents.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Luther's doctrine of "justification by faith" meant that:

Accepted Answer

A)   humans are saved by their faith in God's grace, not by the good works they do.
B)   humans are saved by the good works they do.
C)   faith in God can be justified by reason.
D)   everyone who participates faithfully in the services of the Church will be saved.
E)   faith can be justified only by the good works an individual does during his or her life.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

The Jesuits were not only missionaries but also soldiers who fought secular wars on behalf of the papacy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Following his own advice to other former priests and monks,Martin Luther married former nun:

Accepted Answer

A)   Teresa of Avila.
B)   Katharina von Bora.
C)   Francis Xavier.
D)   Teresa of the Andes.
E)   Hildegard of Bingen.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Protestantism began as a dissent against the Church and had many radical manifestations,but it eventually became "domesticated" due to:

Accepted Answer

A)   the fact that all radical movements eventually lose their radicalism and moderate.
B)   the changing character of its leadership when the initial leaders died.
C)   a dependence of Protestant leaders on local political leaders.
D)   the teachings of John Knox, the Scottish Calvinist leader.
E)   the co-option of the movement by the Catholic Counter-Reformation.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Exam 13: The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Protestantism began as a dissent against the Church and had many radical manifestations,but it eventually became "domesticated" due to:

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Calvin's theology emphasized first and foremost:

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During the sixteenth century,the most successful missionaries were the:

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The "tower experience" refers to Saint Paul's experience in jail.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For Zwingli,the Eucharist:

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Protestants believed that people were naturally good.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the year 1500,the social and economic prospects of Europe were:

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Following his own advice to other former priests and monks,Martin Luther married former nun:

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A leading churchman in the Church's effort to reform itself was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Queen Elizabeth I offended some extreme Protestants by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Luther's doctrine of "justification by faith" meant that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason why Luther was able to win great public support for his position was the introduction of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Switzerland,Protestant reforms were usually imposed by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would Clement VII not permit King Henry VIII of England to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the secular world,Protestantism served to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Jesuits were not only missionaries but also soldiers who fought secular wars on behalf of the papacy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what ways was the relationship between Luther and the German princes a symbiotic one?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe power of rulers to determine the rel...View AnswerShow Answer

In contrast to Lutherans,Zwinglians,and Calvinists,Anabaptists:

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The Church taught that indulgences worked to reduce the penance that the individual owed to God:

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The Index of Prohibited Books included works by the Catholic humanist Erasmus.

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The power of rulers to determine the rel...
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