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Genotype Qq produces 10 offspring per year.Genotype QQ has a fitness value of 0.4 and genotype qq has a fitness value of 0.2.How many offspring does genotype qq produce each year?


A) 4
B) 1
C) 6
D) 2
E) 8

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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If two genes are homologous,then it can be said that they are


A) derived from different ancestral genes but have a similar function.
B) derived from the same ancestral gene.
C) found only outside the nucleus in the mitochondrion or chloroplast.
D) derived from different ancestral genes and have different functions.
E) related through environmental natural selection.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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What mechanism leads to changes in allele frequencies through random chance?


A) Genetic drift
B) Natural selection
C) Sexual selection
D) Neutral variation
E) Gene flow

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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In _____ selection,individuals intermediate in a phenotypic distribution have greater reproductive success.


A) stabilizing
B) directional
C) disruptive
D) balancing
E) negative frequency-dependent

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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The gene pool of the next generation is derived from


A) all individuals of a population.
B) only the female members of a population.
C) those individuals of a population that reproduce and have viable offspring.
D) individuals who are heterozygous for the genes in question.
E) individuals who are homozygous for the genes in question.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Select the examples that can undergo microevolution.


A) A poison ivy vine growing up an oak tree.
B) A small group of Cactus finches living in the Galapagos Islands.
C) An Emperor penguin encountering melting ice due to climate change.
D) A cluster of endangered Venus Flytraps in North Carolina's Green Swamp.
E) A large herd of caribou in Alaska.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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What is illustrated by the amino acid sequence of the p53 protein in Figure 23.13? What is illustrated by the amino acid sequence of the p53 protein in Figure 23.13?   A) no significant patterns of sequence similarity B) greater sequence similarity within closely related groups C) greater sequence similarity between distantly related groups D) the gene for p53 protein originated in Homo sapiens


A) no significant patterns of sequence similarity
B) greater sequence similarity within closely related groups
C) greater sequence similarity between distantly related groups
D) the gene for p53 protein originated in Homo sapiens

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Similarity in evolutionarily unrelated groups due to adaptation to similar environments is called


A) homologous evolution.
B) convergent evolution.
C) biogeographic evolution.
D) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What phenomenon would violate the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?


A) The population is isolated from other populations.
B) Females select males based on secondary sex traits.
C) The population is large.
D) No genotypes within the population have a reproductive advantage.
E) Genetic drift within the population does not change allele frequencies.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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A gene pool is


A) the genes that are unique to a species.
B) all the genes in a population.
C) all the similar genes in a gene family.
D) a group of species that look alike but are not located in the same area at the same time.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The human b-globin gene has two alleles,HS and HA,individuals that are homozygous for HS have sickle-cell anemia and a lower fitness.Individuals that are heterozygotes (HSHA) do not show sickle-cell symptoms and have a resistance to malaria.Individuals that are homozygous for HA have the highest fitness but are susceptible to malaria.If a vaccine for malaria was created that was 100% effective,affordable,and widely available,how would the frequency of the HS allele be most likely to change?


A) The HS allele would increase in regions where malaria is prevalent and decrease in regions where malaria is absent or rare.
B) The HS allele would decrease in regions where malaria is prevalent and increase in regions where malaria is absent or rare.
C) Due to balancing selection,the frequency of the HS allele would remain stable in all regions.
D) The HS allele would increase in regions where malaria is prevalent and remain stable in regions where malaria is absent or rare.
E) The HS allele would decrease in regions where malaria is prevalent and remain stable in regions where malaria is absent or rarE.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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