Question 1

_______ refers to the group of destructive processes that change the physical and chemical character of rocks at the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  Weathering
B)  Extraction
C)  Erosion
D)  Deposition
E)  ProvenanceF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Expanding ice in soil pushes large boulders down into the ground.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following landforms are created from unloading?

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanoes
B)  pressure release domes
C)  sink holes
D)  exfoliation domes
E)  regolithF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze,expand,and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  glue the rock more tightly together
B)  make the rock harder
C)  seal the crack thereby preventing further weathering
D)  widen the crack and hastening the rock's disintegration
E)  displace surface acids that may weaken the rockF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Clay minerals help hold water and clay nutrients in soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The most important natural source for the formation of acid for rock weathering at the Earth's surface is dissolved _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide
B)  hydrothermal effluent
C)  seawater
D)  mantle plumes
E)  cometsF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Transportation is the picking up or physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as running water or glaciers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A ___ soil is one that develops from the bedrock directly beneath it.

Accepted Answer

A)  residual
B)  residential
C)  regolith
D)  retransported
E)  retrogradeF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

In tropical regions where temperatures are high and rainfall abundant,highly leached soils called _______ (oxisols) form.

Accepted Answer

A)  laterite soil
B)  lateral soil
C)  transported soil
D)  paleosol
E)  pelagic soilF) A) and C)
G) A) and E) A

Question 10

The solution of calcite in a limestone supplies substantial amounts of ______ to ground water.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium ions in solution
B)  an acid
C)  bicarbonate ions in solution
D)  All of the choices are correct.
E)  Both calcium ions in solution and bicarbonate ions in solution.F) All of the above
G) B) and E) E

Question 11

The removal of a great weight of rock above a batholith by erosion allows the granite to expand forming ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  sheet dikes
B)  weathering rinds
C)  sheet joints
D)  cooling fractures
E)  thermal cracksF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 12

______ is weathered unconsolidated material on top of solid bedrock.

Accepted Answer

A)  Clay
B)  Sand
C)  Mud
D)  Dirt
E)  RegolithF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

A soil formed entirely through the weathering of basalt would not contain sand-sized grains of __.

Accepted Answer

A)  clay
B)  feldspar
C)  olivine
D)  pyroxene
E)  quartzF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

At the surface of the Earth,ultramafic rocks in kimberlite pipes weather away leaving behind concentrations of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  diamonds
B)  pearls
C)  emeralds
D)  olivine
E)  topazF) All of the above
G) C) and D) A

Question 15

What,in terms of Earth systems,forms an essential interface between the geosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere,and atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  chert
B)  quartz
C)  soil
D)  oxides of iron and aluminum
E)  ferromagnesian mineralsF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

___ is the picking up and physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as wind,flowing liquid water,or glaciers.

Accepted Answer

A)  Weathering
B)  Extraction
C)  Erosion
D)  Deposition
E)  ProvenanceF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Chemical weathering generally proceeds __.

Accepted Answer

A)  at about the same rate throughout a rock body
B)  fastest in the intact interior of a rock body,where ions easily move short distances from grain to grain
C)  fastest on flat joint (crack) faces that are distant from any corners or edges
D)  along contacts between mineral grains
E)  fastest at the tip of growing cracks deep within the rockF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Ferromagnesian minerals such as pyroxene,amphibole,biotite,and olivine are chemically altered in the presence of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  quartz
B)  helium
C)  oxygen
D)  argon
E)  micaF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

_______ is a byproduct of rock weathering.

Accepted Answer

A)  Soil
B)  Metamorphic rock
C)  Igneous rock
D)  Water
E)  OilF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Oxygen is abundant in the atmosphere but it does not combine with minerals of the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Weathering and Soil

_______ refers to the group of destructive processes that change the physical and chemical character of rocks at the Earth's surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Expanding ice in soil pushes large boulders down into the ground.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following landforms are created from unloading?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze,expand,and _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clay minerals help hold water and clay nutrients in soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important natural source for the formation of acid for rock weathering at the Earth's surface is dissolved _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transportation is the picking up or physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as running water or glaciers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ___ soil is one that develops from the bedrock directly beneath it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In tropical regions where temperatures are high and rainfall abundant,highly leached soils called _______ (oxisols) form.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The solution of calcite in a limestone supplies substantial amounts of ______ to ground water.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The removal of a great weight of rock above a batholith by erosion allows the granite to expand forming ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ is weathered unconsolidated material on top of solid bedrock.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A soil formed entirely through the weathering of basalt would not contain sand-sized grains of __.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the surface of the Earth,ultramafic rocks in kimberlite pipes weather away leaving behind concentrations of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What,in terms of Earth systems,forms an essential interface between the geosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere,and atmosphere?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

___ is the picking up and physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as wind,flowing liquid water,or glaciers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical weathering generally proceeds __.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ferromagnesian minerals such as pyroxene,amphibole,biotite,and olivine are chemically altered in the presence of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is a byproduct of rock weathering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen is abundant in the atmosphere but it does not combine with minerals of the Earth's crust.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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