Question 1

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids and proteins
B)  Sodium and potassium ions
C)  Carbohydrates and water
D)  DNA and RNAE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Facilitated diffusion

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive-mediated transport
B)  Active-mediated transport
C)  OsmosisD) A) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 3

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium gates open and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
B)  Sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
C)  Sodium gates close allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.
D)  Potassium gates close allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Active transport occurs across membranes that:

Accepted Answer

A)  have a higher concentration of the solute on the outside of the cell.
B)  are semipermeable to water and small electrically uncharged molecules.
C)  have receptors that are capable of binding with the substances to be transported.
D)  have a cell membrane that is hydrophobic rather than hydrophilic.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Packages and transports proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  Endoplasmic reticulum
B)  Ribosome
C)  Secretory vesicle
D)  LysosomesE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Synthesizes and transports lipids

Accepted Answer

A)  Endoplasmic reticulum
B)  Ribosome
C)  Secretory vesicle
D)  LysosomesE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)  by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lysosomes
B)  Peroxisome
C)  Ribosomes
D)  OxyhydrosomesE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  By active-mediated transport (active transport) 
B)  By active diffusion
C)  By passive osmosis
D)  By passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria.
B)  ribosome.
C)  nucleolus.
D)  lysosomeE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Diffusion is an example of active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  By passive electrolyte channels
B)  By coupled channels
C)  By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) 
D)  By diffusionE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is provided by:

Accepted Answer

A)  guanosine triphosphate (GTP) .
B)  adenosine monophosphate (AMP) .
C)  adenosine triphosphate (ATP) .
D)  guanosine diphosphate (GDP) .E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac and vascular disorders
B)  Autoimmune and malignant disorders
C)  Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
D)  Endocrine disordersE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

What occurs during exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes.
B)  All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix.
C)  No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place.
D)  Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Fuses with the plasma membrane to release contents from the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  Endoplasmic reticulum
B)  Ribosome
C)  Secretory vesicle
D)  LysosomesE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Which cells, if any, lose their ability to replicate and divide?

Accepted Answer

A)  None; all cells have the ability to replicate and divide.
B)  Cells of the lung and intestinal tract
C)  Cells of the skin
D)  Cells of the lens of the eye and skeletal muscleE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Movement of water

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive-mediated transport
B)  Active-mediated transport
C)  OsmosisD) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 18

In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
B)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin.
C)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which allows binding of excess glucose.
D)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which prolongs it life span beyond 120 days.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells can produce proteins.
B)  Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
C)  Cells can take in and use nutrients.
D)  Cells can synthesize fats.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrate chains
B)  Glycoprotein channels
C)  Membrane channel proteins
D)  Phospholipid bilayerE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes?

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Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:

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What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

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Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Packages and transports proteins

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How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

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Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Facilitated diffusion

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Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Synthesizes and transports lipids

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diffusion is an example of active transport.

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Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?

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Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Fuses with the plasma membrane to release contents from the cell

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In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

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When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is provided by:

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How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cells, if any, lose their ability to replicate and divide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Active transport occurs across membranes that:

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Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Movement of water

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What occurs during exocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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