Question 1

Which of the following variables have the greatest impact on crime rates?

Accepted Answer

A)   poverty
B)   race
C)   funding for law enforcement
D)   the availability of drugs
E)   population density and anomieF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Mother Teresa was a person with tremendous power and prestige, yet she was very poor. Mother Teresa is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   status inequality
B)   status inconsistency
C)   status contradiction
D)   status reversal
E)   status sanctionsF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

How do observers determine someone's socioeconomic status when meeting them for the first time?

Accepted Answer

A)   their speech and gestures
B)   their race
C)   their gender
D)   their parents' occupations
E)   their grooming habitsF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Ascribed status is usually involuntary and often assigned at birth. Achieved status is voluntary and often based on merit, ability, or achievement. What sort of status would you expect to find in a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A)   some ascribed status, but mostly achieved status
B)   only ascribed status based on gender would matter
C)   mostly ascribed status
D)   only achieved status
E)   an even mixture of both achieved and ascribed statusF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 5

One cost-of-living indicator available on the Internet shows that a salary of $40,000 in Santa Barbara, California, is equivalent to $14,000 in Wichita, Kansas. This is primarily because of housing, which is much less expensive in Wichita. What does this difference say about how the federal government calculates poverty?

Accepted Answer

A)   It highlights something the poverty line shows us: that poverty is connected to the local cost of living, reflected in the differences in rates of poverty in different parts of the country.
B)   It shows that the poverty line is more or less accurate, because it has been recalibrated to take into account housing costs.
C)   It doesn't really relate to the way the government calculates the poverty line, because the cost of food is the biggest item in most families' budgets.
D)   It points to a flaw in the way the government calculates the poverty line, as the standard is uniformly applied without regard to regional differences.
E)   It points to a flaw in the way the government calculates the poverty line, as it proves there are far more poor people in the Midwest.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

According to Karl Marx, what social relations matter most in a capitalist system?

Accepted Answer

A)   family and kin
B)   community bonds
C)   economic relations
D)   nationalistic bonds
E)   racial and ethnic loyaltiesF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 7

When we compare the salaries of the worst-paid members of a corporation with the salary of the CEO, what sort of measure of poverty are we using?

Accepted Answer

A)   relative deprivation
B)   cultural poverty
C)   absolute deprivation
D)   horizontal poverty
E)   status-based measuresF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

The average age at which people marry and start families is not related to social class.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Belonging to a particular social class has a profound effect on almost every aspect of a person's life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What system of stratification is commonly used in capitalist societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   gender
B)   social class
C)   social caste
D)   slavery
E)   wage slaveryF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

What do sociologists call it when an individual changes her career but remains within the same social class?

Accepted Answer

A)   vertical social mobility
B)   structural mobility
C)   intragenerational mobility
D)   intergenerational mobility
E)   horizontal social mobilityF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

In the past several decades, America has seen a widening of the gap between the income levels of the upper class and those of the middle and lower classes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A person can work full-time at a minimum-wage job and still be considered poor or beneath the poverty line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Drew Westen, in "The Political Brain: The Role of Emotion in Deciding the Fate of the Nation," argues that, when advocates of health-care reform talk about universal health care as a way to help "the uninsured" or "the underinsured," they turn many people against universal health care because there is an underlying assumption that poor people are getting what they deserve. What do sociologists call this assumption?

Accepted Answer

A)   disenfranchisement
B)   the just-world hypothesis
C)   the blame-the-victim syndrome
D)   class consciousness
E)   the invisibility of povertyF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic principles of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Low-level groups often have basic access to the rewards and privileges of higher-level groups.
B)   It persists over time.
C)   Different societies base their stratification on different criteria.
D)   It is maintained through beliefs that are widely shared in a society.
E)   It is a general trend but, within a society, can have exceptions.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Social mobility that occurs over the course of an individual's lifetime is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   life-cycle mobility.
B)   intragenerational mobility.
C)   structural mobility.
D)   intergenerational mobility.
E)   closed-system mobility.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Many workers at auto plants in Michigan lost their jobs when the plants closed. For the vast majority of these workers, this has resulted in:

Accepted Answer

A)   welfare reform.
B)   vertical social mobility.
C)   horizontal social mobility.
D)   intragenerational mobility.
E)   intergenerational mobility.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following demonstrates Karl Marx's conviction that social inequality would continue to grow?

Accepted Answer

A)   "No one knows who will live in this cage in the future, or whether at the end of this tremendous development entirely new prophets will arise, or there will be a great rebirth of ideas and ideals, or, if neither, mechanized petrification, embellished with a sort of convulsive self-importance."
B)   "The modern laborer . . . instead of rising with the process of industry, sinks deeper and deeper below the conditions of existence of his own class. He becomes a pauper, and pauperism develops more rapidly than population and wealth."
C)   "A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, i.e., things set apart and forbidden-beliefs and practices which unite in one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them."
D)   "For of the last stage of this cultural development, it might well be truly said: 'Specialists without spirit, sensualists without heart; this nullity imagines that it has attained a level of civilization never before achieved.'"
E)   "For the metropolis presents the peculiar conditions which are revealed to us as the opportunities and the stimuli for the development of both these ways of allocating roles to men."F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

How is Max Weber's idea of social class different from Karl Marx's?

Accepted Answer

A)   Weber did not believe that owning the means of production mattered in any way.
B)   Weber believed that class status was inherited and was an extension of the old feudal system.
C)   Weber believed that wealth was the only factor that mattered, regardless of how that wealth was acquired.
D)   Weber believed that wealth, power, and prestige could all affect a person's social class.
E)   Weber did not have a theory of social class.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 20

The practice of refusing mortgages for houses in poor and minority neighborhoods is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   disenfranchisement.
B)   redlining.
C)   residential racism.
D)   economic hegemony.
E)   domicile segregation.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Exam 7: Social Class: the Structure of Inequality

Social mobility that occurs over the course of an individual's lifetime is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic principles of social stratification?

Correct Answer
verified

A person can work full-time at a minimum-wage job and still be considered poor or beneath the poverty line.

Correct Answer
verified

When we compare the salaries of the worst-paid members of a corporation with the salary of the CEO, what sort of measure of poverty are we using?

Correct Answer
verified

What system of stratification is commonly used in capitalist societies?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Belonging to a particular social class has a profound effect on almost every aspect of a person's life.

Correct Answer
verified

The practice of refusing mortgages for houses in poor and minority neighborhoods is called:

Correct Answer
verified

The average age at which people marry and start families is not related to social class.

Correct Answer
verified

How is Max Weber's idea of social class different from Karl Marx's?

Correct Answer
verified

What do sociologists call it when an individual changes her career but remains within the same social class?

Correct Answer
verified

In the past several decades, America has seen a widening of the gap between the income levels of the upper class and those of the middle and lower classes.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Ascribed status is usually involuntary and often assigned at birth. Achieved status is voluntary and often based on merit, ability, or achievement. What sort of status would you expect to find in a closed system?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following demonstrates Karl Marx's conviction that social inequality would continue to grow?

Correct Answer
verified

Mother Teresa was a person with tremendous power and prestige, yet she was very poor. Mother Teresa is an example of which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Karl Marx, what social relations matter most in a capitalist system?

Correct Answer
verified

Many workers at auto plants in Michigan lost their jobs when the plants closed. For the vast majority of these workers, this has resulted in:

Correct Answer
verified

How do observers determine someone's socioeconomic status when meeting them for the first time?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following variables have the greatest impact on crime rates?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Social Class: the Structure of Inequality

Social mobility that occurs over the course of an individual's lifetime is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic principles of social stratification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person can work full-time at a minimum-wage job and still be considered poor or beneath the poverty line.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we compare the salaries of the worst-paid members of a corporation with the salary of the CEO, what sort of measure of poverty are we using?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What system of stratification is commonly used in capitalist societies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Belonging to a particular social class has a profound effect on almost every aspect of a person's life.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The practice of refusing mortgages for houses in poor and minority neighborhoods is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average age at which people marry and start families is not related to social class.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is Max Weber's idea of social class different from Karl Marx's?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do sociologists call it when an individual changes her career but remains within the same social class?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the past several decades, America has seen a widening of the gap between the income levels of the upper class and those of the middle and lower classes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ascribed status is usually involuntary and often assigned at birth. Achieved status is voluntary and often based on merit, ability, or achievement. What sort of status would you expect to find in a closed system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following demonstrates Karl Marx's conviction that social inequality would continue to grow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mother Teresa was a person with tremendous power and prestige, yet she was very poor. Mother Teresa is an example of which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Karl Marx, what social relations matter most in a capitalist system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many workers at auto plants in Michigan lost their jobs when the plants closed. For the vast majority of these workers, this has resulted in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do observers determine someone's socioeconomic status when meeting them for the first time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following variables have the greatest impact on crime rates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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