Question 1

A benefit of low to moderate alcohol consumption may be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   increase in cognitive function
B)   increase in "good" cholesterol.
C)   decrease in insomnia
D)   increased ability to form new memories.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

A patient that presents with symptoms of AUD, including impaired gait, tremor, cognitive deficits, but does not have Wernicke's encephalopathy, would most likely have

Accepted Answer

A)   Korsakoff syndrome.
B)   fetal alcohol syndrome.
C)   fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome.
D)   thiamine deficiency.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The first step in the metabolism of alcohol is its conversion to

Accepted Answer

A)   formaldehyde.
B)   acetaldehyde.
C)   acetic acid.
D)   aldehyde dehydrogenase.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Describe the evidence that intoxicating concentrations of alcohol alter GABAA receptor function.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol can potentiate the increase in chloride permeability that occurs when GABA binds to the GABA_A receptor; some alcohol effects can be blocked by GABA_A antagonists, such as bicuculline and picrotoxin; mice bred for greater sensitivity to alcohol also have a more sensitive response to alcohol's effects on the GABA_A system.

Question 5

In the _______ method of genetic study, genes of affected and unaffected individuals that are not related are compared in order to search for alleles that may be common among affected individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)   selective breeding
B)   linkage study
C)   case-control
D)   family historyE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Eating while drinking alcohol _______ its absorption by _______ gastric emptying.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases; slowing down
B)   speeds up; increasing
C)   slows down; slowing down
D)   reduces; increasingE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

How are naltrexone and acamprosate thought to decrease relapse rates in alcoholics?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are naltrexone and acamprosate thought to...

Question 8

A blood alcohol level of approximately _______% is lethal in half of the population, but because unconsciousness occurs at a BAC of approximately _______%, drinking is often stopped before the lethal level is reached.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.35; 0.15
B)   0.45; 0.1
C)   0.45; 0.35
D)   0.60; 0.1E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

_______ are two neurotransmitters that most likely are involved in the reinforcing effects of alcohol.

Accepted Answer

A)   GABA and serotonin
B)   Dopamine and opioids
C)   Norepinephrine and serotonin
D)   Glutamate and GABAE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The specific actions of alcohol on neuronal membranes include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   direct interactions with channel proteins.
B)   modification of gating mechanisms inside a channel.
C)   actions at neurotransmitter binding sites.
D)   alteration of lipid composition.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following does not modify the concentration of alcohol in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   The presence of food in the stomach
B)   The dose of alcohol consumed
C)   Sex differences in metabolism
D)   A cold showerE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

To combat the unpleasant side effects of withdrawal from alcohol a frequent first step in supervised detoxification is the use of _______ in place of alcohol.

Accepted Answer

A)   benzodiazepines
B)   antipsychotics
C)   beta blockers
D)   opioidsE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver by two systems of enzymes, _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   aldehyde dehydrogenase; cytochrome P450
B)   alcohol dehydrogenase; acetaldehyde
C)   alcohol dehydrogenase; cytochrome P450
D)   alcohol dehydrogenase; aldehyde dehydrogenaseE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

A decrease in _______ activity can lead to toxicity, including flushing, nausea, and vomiting.

Accepted Answer

A)   alcohol dehydrogenase
B)   acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
C)   acetaldehyde
D)   formaldehydeE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Alcohol _______ the effectiveness of glutamate at NMDA receptors and _______ glutamate release.

Accepted Answer

A)   reduces; increases
B)   increases; increases
C)   increases; reduces
D)   reduces; reducesE) A) and D)
F) C) and D) D

Question 16

Describe some of the contributing factors to alcoholism according to the three-factor vulnerability model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe some of the contributing factors to...

Question 17

In _______ tolerance, the effects of alcohol _______ when blood alcohol levels are falling compared to when they are rising even if the BAC remains the same.

Accepted Answer

A)   acute; decrease
B)   acute; increase
C)   pharmacodynamic; increase
D)   acute; remain the sameE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

According to Cloninger's alcoholic subtypes, type II alcoholics are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   a high extent of genetic influence, early age of onset, and thrill-seeking behavior.
B)   a high extent of genetic influence, age of onset after 25, and guilt and fear about alcohol.
C)   age of onset after 25, inability to stop alcohol use, and low incidence of novelty-seeking personality.
D)   use of alcohol to escape and a moderate extent of genetic influence.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Why is it advisable for a pregnant woman not to drink alcohol at any stage of her pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   All alcohol consumption during pregnancy always leads to fetal damage.
B)   Alcohol causes different adverse effects on a fetus during different stages of development.
C)   The effects of alcohol on a developing fetus are largely unknown.
D)   Drinking during pregnancy increases a woman's risk for alcoholism.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is not a potential explanation for a hangover?

Accepted Answer

A)   Toxic effects of congeners in the alcohol
B)   Residual acetaldehyde in the body
C)   Excessive fluid loss during the drinking bout
D)   Residual acetic acid in the bodyE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Exam 10: Alcohol

A benefit of low to moderate alcohol consumption may be a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

A patient that presents with symptoms of AUD, including impaired gait, tremor, cognitive deficits, but does not have Wernicke's encephalopathy, would most likely have

Correct Answer
verified

The first step in the metabolism of alcohol is its conversion to

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the evidence that intoxicating concentrations of alcohol alter GABA_A receptor function.

In the _______ method of genetic study, genes of affected and unaffected individuals that are not related are compared in order to search for alleles that may be common among affected individuals.

Correct Answer
verified

Eating while drinking alcohol _ its absorption by _ gastric emptying.

Correct Answer
verified

How are naltrexone and acamprosate thought to decrease relapse rates in alcoholics?

Correct Answer
verified

A blood alcohol level of approximately _% is lethal in half of the population, but because unconsciousness occurs at a BAC of approximately _%, drinking is often stopped before the lethal level is reached.

Correct Answer
verified

_______ are two neurotransmitters that most likely are involved in the reinforcing effects of alcohol.

Correct Answer
verified

The specific actions of alcohol on neuronal membranes include all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not modify the concentration of alcohol in the blood?

Correct Answer
verified

To combat the unpleasant side effects of withdrawal from alcohol a frequent first step in supervised detoxification is the use of _______ in place of alcohol.

Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver by two systems of enzymes, _ and _.

Correct Answer
verified

A decrease in _______ activity can lead to toxicity, including flushing, nausea, and vomiting.

Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol _ the effectiveness of glutamate at NMDA receptors and _ glutamate release.

Correct Answer
verified
D

Describe some of the contributing factors to alcoholism according to the three-factor vulnerability model.

Correct Answer
verified

In _ tolerance, the effects of alcohol _ when blood alcohol levels are falling compared to when they are rising even if the BAC remains the same.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Cloninger's alcoholic subtypes, type II alcoholics are characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

Why is it advisable for a pregnant woman not to drink alcohol at any stage of her pregnancy?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a potential explanation for a hangover?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Exam 10: Alcohol

A benefit of low to moderate alcohol consumption may be a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient that presents with symptoms of AUD, including impaired gait, tremor, cognitive deficits, but does not have Wernicke's encephalopathy, would most likely have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first step in the metabolism of alcohol is its conversion to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the evidence that intoxicating concentrations of alcohol alter GABAA receptor function.

In the _______ method of genetic study, genes of affected and unaffected individuals that are not related are compared in order to search for alleles that may be common among affected individuals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eating while drinking alcohol _______ its absorption by _______ gastric emptying.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are naltrexone and acamprosate thought to decrease relapse rates in alcoholics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A blood alcohol level of approximately _______% is lethal in half of the population, but because unconsciousness occurs at a BAC of approximately _______%, drinking is often stopped before the lethal level is reached.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ are two neurotransmitters that most likely are involved in the reinforcing effects of alcohol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specific actions of alcohol on neuronal membranes include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not modify the concentration of alcohol in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To combat the unpleasant side effects of withdrawal from alcohol a frequent first step in supervised detoxification is the use of _______ in place of alcohol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver by two systems of enzymes, _______ and _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A decrease in _______ activity can lead to toxicity, including flushing, nausea, and vomiting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol _______ the effectiveness of glutamate at NMDA receptors and _______ glutamate release.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Describe some of the contributing factors to alcoholism according to the three-factor vulnerability model.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _______ tolerance, the effects of alcohol _______ when blood alcohol levels are falling compared to when they are rising even if the BAC remains the same.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Cloninger's alcoholic subtypes, type II alcoholics are characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it advisable for a pregnant woman not to drink alcohol at any stage of her pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a potential explanation for a hangover?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the evidence that intoxicating concentrations of alcohol alter GABA_A receptor function.

Correct Answer
verified

Eating while drinking alcohol _ its absorption by _ gastric emptying.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A blood alcohol level of approximately _% is lethal in half of the population, but because unconsciousness occurs at a BAC of approximately _%, drinking is often stopped before the lethal level is reached.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver by two systems of enzymes, _ and _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol _ the effectiveness of glutamate at NMDA receptors and _ glutamate release.

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

In _ tolerance, the effects of alcohol _ when blood alcohol levels are falling compared to when they are rising even if the BAC remains the same.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
D