Question 1

How does Kepler's First Law refine the Copernican model greatly?

Accepted Answer

Copernicus,like the Greeks,thought all o...

Question 2

Upon which point do Copernicus and Kepler disagree?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Moon orbits the Earth.
B)   The Earth orbits the Sun.
C)   Retrograde motion occurs when one planet overtakes another.
D)   The orbits of the planets are ellipses, with one focus at the Sun.
E)   Venus will appear as a crescent when she retrogrades between us and the Sun.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 3

If the mass of a body were doubled,its gravity would become 4 times stronger.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

How would Ptolemy explain the rising of the Sun? Contrast this to Copernicus' explanation of the same event.

Accepted Answer

Ptolemy would say that the celestial sph...

Question 5

Relate Kepler's Second Law to the speeds of the planets.

Accepted Answer

In equal time intervals,the lines that c...

Question 6

The Ptolemaic model probably persisted for all these reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   it had the authority of Aristotle behind it.
B)   it was consistent with the doctrines of the Catholic Church.
C)   it used perfect circles, which appealed to geometry.
D)   it accounted well for Galileo's observations of the phase cycle of Venus.
E)   it explain why stellar parallax was not observed by the Greeks.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Which of these was a contribution of Newton to astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Artificial satellites could be put into orbit about the Earth.
B)   The Sun's gravity is greatest on a planet at perihelion, so the planet must speed up.
C)   The Moon pulls as strongly on us as we do on it.
D)   His differential calculus lets us calculate planetary motions more accurately.
E)   All of these were due to Newton's work.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 8

Using Newton's first law,describe the motion of a body is moving in the absence of any net external force.

Accepted Answer

in a strai...

Question 9

Escape velocity is the speed required to:

Accepted Answer

A)   orbit an object.
B)   overcome the gravitational pull of an object.
C)   overtake an object in orbit and pass it.
D)   keep from falling out of orbit around an object.
E)   maintain a constant distance from an object.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 10

In what geometric way can we determine the absolute distances to the planets?

Accepted Answer

The parallax for some nearby p...

Question 11

Of all his laws,Kepler was proudest of the third.Why was it so appealing in his search for cosmic harmony?

Accepted Answer

He found a simple math relatio...

Question 12

Orbital speed is the speed with which a planet moves around the Sun.This speed is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A)   the mass of the planet only.
B)   the mass of the Sun only.
C)   both the mass of the planet and the mass of the Sun.
D)   the mass of the planet and its distance from the Sun.
E)   the mass of both the planet and the Sun and the distance between the two.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The most accurate Greek attempt to explain planetary motion was the model of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Aristotle.
B)   Pythagoras.
C)   Hipparchus.
D)   Ptolemy.
E)   Erastothenes.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

According to Newton,the gravity of the ________ is needed to explain planetary orbits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Newton,the gravity of the ________...

Question 15

Today we rely largely on what technique to precisely measure distances in the solar system?

Accepted Answer

A)   transits of Venus across the Sun
B)   radar echo timings
C)   measurement of stellar parallaxes.
D)   timings of the eclipses of its moons by Jupiter's shadow
E)   precise measurements of length of the year with atomic clocksF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Like the Sun and the Moon,the planets appear to move from west to east from one day to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Galileo's discovery of four moons orbiting ________ provided new support for the ideas of Copernicus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Galileo's discovery of four moons orbiting ________...

Question 18

Explain how Kepler's laws allow us to use the motion of an asteroid to find its average distance from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

By watching it long enough to find its p...

Question 19

According to Newton's third law,the Voyager probes pulled just as hard on Jupiter as it did on them when they flew past it.Why were they accelerated enough to leave the solar system but Jupiter still is in orbit about the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Jupiter was much more massive ...

Question 20

As originally stated,the Copernican model did no better job of predicting planetary behavior than did the Ptolemaic one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science

Escape velocity is the speed required to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Galileo's discovery of four moons orbiting ________ provided new support for the ideas of Copernicus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Newton,the gravity of the ________ is needed to explain planetary orbits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Orbital speed is the speed with which a planet moves around the Sun.This speed is determined by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most accurate Greek attempt to explain planetary motion was the model of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does Kepler's First Law refine the Copernican model greatly?

Correct AnswerverifiedCopernicus,like the Greeks,thought all o...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Newton's third law,the Voyager probes pulled just as hard on Jupiter as it did on them when they flew past it.Why were they accelerated enough to leave the solar system but Jupiter still is in orbit about the Sun?

Correct AnswerverifiedJupiter was much more massive ...View AnswerShow Answer

How would Ptolemy explain the rising of the Sun? Contrast this to Copernicus' explanation of the same event.

Correct AnswerverifiedPtolemy would say that the celestial sph...View AnswerShow Answer

Using Newton's first law,describe the motion of a body is moving in the absence of any net external force.

Correct Answerverifiedin a strai...View AnswerShow Answer

In what geometric way can we determine the absolute distances to the planets?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe parallax for some nearby p...View AnswerShow Answer

The Ptolemaic model probably persisted for all these reasons EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Today we rely largely on what technique to precisely measure distances in the solar system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the mass of a body were doubled,its gravity would become 4 times stronger.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these was a contribution of Newton to astronomy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like the Sun and the Moon,the planets appear to move from west to east from one day to the next.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how Kepler's laws allow us to use the motion of an asteroid to find its average distance from the Sun.

Correct AnswerverifiedBy watching it long enough to find its p...View AnswerShow Answer

Of all his laws,Kepler was proudest of the third.Why was it so appealing in his search for cosmic harmony?

Correct AnswerverifiedHe found a simple math relatio...View AnswerShow Answer

Upon which point do Copernicus and Kepler disagree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As originally stated,the Copernican model did no better job of predicting planetary behavior than did the Ptolemaic one.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relate Kepler's Second Law to the speeds of the planets.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn equal time intervals,the lines that c...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Copernicus,like the Greeks,thought all o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Jupiter was much more massive ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Ptolemy would say that the celestial sph...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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in a strai...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
The parallax for some nearby p...
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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By watching it long enough to find its p...
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Correct Answer
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He found a simple math relatio...
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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In equal time intervals,the lines that c...
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