Question 1

The half-life of a hormone is

Accepted Answer

A)   one-half of the time it takes to synthesize the chemical messenger molecule.
B)   the time necessary to reduce the hormone concentration in the blood to half of what had been secreted.
C)   half the time until the hormone molecule dissolves.
D)   half of the duration of the hormone's effects on its target cells throughout the body.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Generally, the shorter the half-life of a hormone

Accepted Answer

A)   the more frequently it must be replaced.
B)   the less frequently it must be replaced.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 3

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Eicosanoids are a primary type of local hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Growth hormone is secreted by ________ cells in the anterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A)   somatotropic
B)   gonadotropic
C)   thyrotropic
D)   mammotropic
E)   corticotropicF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 6

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenocorticotropic hormone.
B)   the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
C)   follicle-stimulating hormone.
D)   growth hormone.
E)   thyrotropic hormone.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 7

In most of its target cells, cortisol ________ glucose uptake and ________ protein metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases; increases
B)   increases; decreases
C)   decreases; decreases
D)   decreases; increasesE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In addition to secreting hormones, the pancreas also produces

Accepted Answer

A)   white blood cells.
B)   sodium chloride.
C)   pancreatic juice.
D)   endorphins.
E)   prostaglandins.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. 
-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What endocrine glands are indicated by the letters d and e?

Accepted Answer

A)   d = hypothalamus, e = posterior pituitary
B)   d = thalamus, e = anterior pituitary
C)   d = hypothalamus, e = anterior pituitary
D)   d = hypothalamus, e = thyroid gland
E)   d = thalamus, e = posterior pituitaryF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. 
-This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   6F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by

Accepted Answer

A)   hormonal stimulation.
B)   humoral stimulation.
C)   neural stimulation.
D)   positive feedback stimulation.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Among their many functions, hormones regulate blood volume, cellular concentration, and number of platelets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary.
B)   hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the posterior pituitary.
C)   anterior pituitary and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
D)   parathyroid hormone and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
E)   thymus and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 14

In response to excessive amounts of hormone, a target cell may reduce its number of receptors for that hormone. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   down-regulation.
B)   up-regulation.
C)   increasing sensitivity to a hormone.
D)   increasing specificity to a hormone.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Within the infundibulum, the axons from neurons extending into the posterior pituitary are known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
B)   primary plexus.
C)   secondary plexus.
D)   supraoptic portal system.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Accepted Answer

A)   Melatonin
B)   Insulin
C)   Melanin
D)   Cortisol
E)   OxytocinF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

As growth hormone levels in the blood increase,

Accepted Answer

A)   glycogenolysis increases.
B)   fat production increases.
C)   protein synthesis decreases.
D)   blood glucose decreases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. 
-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What hormones are represented by the small boxes labeled a, b, and c?

Accepted Answer

A)   a = TSH, b = TRH, c = TH
B)   a = TIH, b = TSH, c = TH
C)   a = TRH, b = TSH, c = TIH
D)   a = TRH, b = TSH, c = TH
E)   a = TSH, b = TH, c = TRHF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insulin
B)   Glucagon
C)   Somatostatin
D)   Pancreatic polypeptide
E)   Pancreatic lipaseF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

When the effects of one hormone reinforce the activity of another hormone on the same target cell, the interaction is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)   agonistic.
B)   antagonistic.
C)   synergistic.
D)   permissive.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: Endocrine System

In most of its target cells, cortisol ________ glucose uptake and ________ protein metabolism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the effects of one hormone reinforce the activity of another hormone on the same target cell, the interaction is said to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The half-life of a hormone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eicosanoids are a primary type of local hormone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. -This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the hypothalamus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within the infundibulum, the axons from neurons extending into the posterior pituitary are known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. -This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What endocrine glands are indicated by the letters d and e?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In response to excessive amounts of hormone, a target cell may reduce its number of receptors for that hormone. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone is secreted by ________ cells in the anterior pituitary.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As growth hormone levels in the blood increase,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among their many functions, hormones regulate blood volume, cellular concentration, and number of platelets.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. -This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What hormones are represented by the small boxes labeled a, b, and c?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to secreting hormones, the pancreas also produces

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally, the shorter the half-life of a hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In most of its target cells, cortisol glucose uptake and protein metabolism.

Correct Answer
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