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Exam 10: Experiments: Researching Cause and Effect

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Question 21

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What is the reason online experiments have been slower to gain popularity when compared to online surveys?

A) Experimental design often requires that participants don't do more than responding to questions.
B) Experimental design often requires that participants do something more active than responding to questions.
C) It is much easier logistically to do experiments online as opposed to surveys.
D) Online experiments are cheaper but take less time.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Question 22

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Explain, with examples, the difference between internal and external validity in experimental design.

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A study has internal validity when a cau...

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Question 23

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Explain, with examples, the concept of "control" in experimental design.

The goal of experimental design is to determine correlations.

Diffusion helps ensure internal validity.

Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity?

A two-by-two experimental design with 10 people per experimental condition would require ______ participants.

Explain, with examples, the concepts of attrition, maturation, and diffusion.

In experimental research, diffusion means that a treatment effect spreads from group to group.

Control, for the purpose of experimental design, limits the movement of participants.

Experimental settings are not a threat to external validity because they reflect external reality.

Experimenter bias is a threat to internal validity stemming from the experimenter's own judgments.

List at least one advantage and one disadvantage of online experiments.

In asking about the validity of an experiment, a researcher is asking whether the experiment captured the concepts the researcher intended to capture.

Which of the following is the most sophisticated experimental design?

The Hawthorne effect refers to increases in worker productivity explained by workers apparently interpreting research by management as management taking an interest in them.

Good experimental design does not require ______.

A spurious relationship occurs where a relationship between variables has been found but is actually explained by another variable the researcher was not focused on.

The term "ecological isomorphism" refers to the extent to which the ______.

To determine causation, the dependent variable must be caused by the independent variable.