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Exam 20: Genes Within Populations

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Question 31

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The organism with the highest fitness is:

A) An animal that lives 10 years and produces 10 offspring per year.
B) An animal that lives 100 years and produces 10 offspring total.
C) An animal that lives 2 years and produces 10 offspring per year.
D) An animal that lives 10 years and produces 2 offspring per year.
E) An animal that lives one year and produces 10 offspring total.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Question 32

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A restriction in genetic variability caused by a drastic reduction in population size is called a

A) founder effect.
B) Hardy-Weinberg effect.
C) bottleneck effect.
D) polymorphic effect.
E) adaptive effect.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Question 33

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As a mechanism of evolution,natural selection acts on variants within populations and ultimately leads to the evolution of different species was proposed by

Female cardinals select male mates in part based on their bright red color.What effect would this have on a cardinal population that was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

The midrange of an array of phenotypes is favored in ________.

For a gene with two alternative alleles,B and b,the term q² in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represents

Certain small towns in the western United States have remained isolated and inbred since their settlement many years ago.Some alleles are more common in these communities as compared to the rest of the population.This effect is known as

In order for natural selection to occur within a population,certain conditions must be met.One such condition is

For a gene with two alternative alleles,A (with a frequency of p) and B (with a frequency of q) ,the term in the algebraic form of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the heterozygote genotype frequency is

Both extremes of an array of phenotypes are favored in ________.

When fisheries managers move fish from one lake to another,this causes gene ________.

The disease,sickle-cell anemia is common in malaria-infested areas because individuals that are heterozygous for the gene (AS) have enhanced resistance to malaria over normal individuals (AA) .Individuals with severe sickle-cell anemia (SS) usually die before reproduction.If this population moves to an area without malaria,what will happen to the allele frequency of the A allele over time?

Some flowering plants cannot self-pollinate which increases their tendency to mate with phenotypically different mates,a process called disassortative mating.What effect would this have on a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

The California populations of the Northern elephant seal are descendants from a very small population of seals that was overhunted in the 1890s.Heterozygosity in this population would be expected to be ________ due to ________.

Hardy-Weinberg pointed out that the original proportions of the genotypes in a population would remain constant from generation to generation if certain assumptions are met.Which one of the following is not a Hardy-Weinberg condition?

In the Hardy-Weinberg equations,the frequencies of 2 alleles in a population (where there are only 2 alleles to consider) can be designated as

Coloration in the peppered moth (Biston betularia) is determined by a single gene with two alleles showing complete dominance.Dark moths are homozygous dominant or heterozygous for the gene,light moths are homozygous recessive.In a sample of 100 moths,you determine that 64 of the moths are dark.According to the Hardy-Weinberg rule,the expected frequency of the dominant allele is ________.

Sometimes,one gene pair will interfere with the expression of a second gene pair in an interaction called ________.

A fur color gene in rabbits has a white dominant (W) and brown recessive allele (w) .The environment changes suddenly and none of the white rabbits survive.In a population of 10,000 rabbits the initial frequency of W in the pool was 0.7.How many generations would be required to eliminate all W alleles from the population? Assume that there is no mutation and the population meets all other Hardy-Weinberg conditions.

Reproductive success of an individual is known as: