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Exam 11: More About Correlational Studies

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Question 1

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Researchers typically must rely on correlational studies to learn about factors that influence one's ______.

A) behavior
B) health
C) weather
D) animals

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 2

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The strong ______ correlations between age and incidence of Alzheimer's disease found in many studies seem to indicate a 50% likelihood of getting Alzheimer's disease by age 85.

A) positive
B) negative
C) causal
D) predictive

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 3

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A causal relationship can be tested using ______.

In correlational research multiple measures are collected from ______ group(s) of subjects to determine if those measures co-vary.

Correlational studies provide information that allows researchers to determine which variables should be considered when they design tests of ______ relationships.

Most survey research involves a correlational study.

A relationship between variables characterized by an increase in one variable that occurs with a decrease in the other variable is called a ______.

Correlational studies are not well-suited for answering ______ research questions.

The direction of the cause and effect relationship cannot be determined from a correlational study because none of the variables are manipulated in the study.

In a correlational study, the variable that is predicted by the predictor variable is called the ______ variable.

Groups of subjects are not compared in a correlational study as they are in ______ experiments.

A researcher would like to study the effects of smoking on respiratory functioning. There are two groups: participants who smoke one pack a day and participants who smoke two. This is a ______ study

Pearson r test is used to determine whether a linear relationship exists between two variables measured on an ordinal scale.

In ______ studies, researchers examine two or more measures to determine if those measures are related.

Correlational studies provide information that allows researchers to determine which variables should be considered when they design tests of causal relationships.

A research question that asks if one behavior can be predicted from another behavior to allow predictions of future behavior is a ______ research question.

The ______ analyses allow predictions.

Explain what a third-variable problem is and give an example.

If two factors simply co-occur, this indicates a causal relationship.

Suppose that a researcher found that as introversion (as measured on a standardized questionnaire) of participants goes up, the number of social activities attended per week goes down. This finding represents ______.