Question 1

How would a social psychologist explain the results of Rosenthal and Jacobson's (1968)  study, in which erroneous teacher expectations changed the behaviors of their students?

Accepted Answer

A)   Teachers, like many of us, are irrational.
B)   Intelligence tests are poor predictors of academic performance.
C)   Our social expectations influence our own and others' behaviors.
D)   Teachers, like many of us, are motivated to see themselves in a positive light.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Amber and Jules are friends but differ in how neat they keep their rooms. According to personality psychologists, the distinction between the friends can be referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothesis.
B)   social influence.
C)   direct persuasion attempt.
D)   individual difference.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The authors of your text suggest that in the 1930s and 1940s, the most influential person in social psychology was

Accepted Answer

A)   Kurt Lewin.
B)   John Watson.
C)   Lyndon Johnson.
D)   B. F. Skinner.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Social psychologists differ from sociologists in that social psychologists

Accepted Answer

A)   are interested in how people are influenced by their social environments.
B)   are concerned with people's perspectives of their social environments.
C)   advocate the use of common sense.
D)   are reliant on the insights of philosophers.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Tom saw a weight-loss program advertised on late-night television. The ad claimed that deep breathing exercises would speed up metabolism, causing people to lose weight. He mailed a check for $99.95. When the plan arrived, Tom rearranged his day so that he could complete the breathing exercises as scheduled. They made him nauseated and dizzy, and before long, Tom's friends began to think that he was going overboard with the program, and they began to avoid him. After the end of the ten-week program, Tom got on the scale and saw that he hadn't lost an ounce! Still, he remained enthusiastic and thought, "I may not have lost any weight, but I feel so much healthier!" This situation is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)   the justification of suffering.
B)   the self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)   delusional thinking.
D)   accurate self-perceptions.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What is the take-home message of the authors' description of the presidents' decisions to continue and even escalate wars?

Accepted Answer

A)   The need to be accurate and the need to feel good about ourselves are often compatible.
B)   The need to be accurate is stronger than the need to feel good about ourselves.
C)   The need to be accurate and the need to feel good about ourselves are always in conflict.
D)   When we forego accuracy in the interest of feeling good about ourselves, there are sometimes serious consequences.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Last weekend, Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours. Wow, thinks Lance to himself, she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a direct persuasion attempt.
B)   an indirect persuasion attempt.
C)   explicit values.
D)   construals.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

According to the authors of your text, why did behaviorists not incorporate cognition, thinking, and feeling into their theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   There was no empirical support that these concepts mattered.
B)   They used strictly animal models for most of their theories.
C)   They consider the concepts too vague and difficult to observe.
D)   The theory could become too complex to study empirically.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Lee Ross describes the idea of "naïve realism" as the

Accepted Answer

A)   conviction that all of us have that we perceive things "as they really are."
B)   scientific study of the way in which people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people.
C)   way in which people perceive, comprehend, and interpret the social world.
D)   aspects of people's personalities that make them different from other people.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Curtailing the spread of AIDS by using scary television ads to frighten people into practicing safe sex is unlikely to work because

Accepted Answer

A)   it is hard to know whether a given ad is frightening enough.
B)   the government will not fund such projects.
C)   the contents of such ads are too controversial, and offend most viewers.
D)   viewers may protect their self-esteem by denying that the message is relevant to them.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Thomas is scrupulously honest when it comes to not cheating on his tests and papers, but when a cashier accidentally gives him back too much change, he is likely to keep the extra money. A social psychologist would most likely say that Thomas's behavior

Accepted Answer

A)   reflects an immaturity because of its inconsistency.
B)   must be responding to factors in the situation that affect his honesty.
C)   is chaotic and unpredictable.
D)   reflects his true immoral nature.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Jamal was confused by his sister's relationship with her boyfriend. They just didn't seem to have anything in common. "Oh well," Jamal figured, "I guess opposites really do attract." Jamal's explanation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   folk wisdom.
B)   philosophy.
C)   sociology.
D)   social psychology.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

What is the role of folk wisdom in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is unrelated.
B)   It provides many ideas or hypotheses for scientific investigation.
C)   It has been completely disproven by scientific research.
D)   It tends to be more accurate and useful than social psychological research.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Ross and colleagues (2004)  randomly assigned participants previously identified as cooperative or competitive to play a game that was labeled either the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game." If their results had indicated that, no matter what the game, participants who were identified as competitive behaved more competitively in both groups than did participants who were identified as cooperative, these findings would have suggested that

Accepted Answer

A)   seemingly minor aspects of a social situation can override personality differences.
B)   cooperation and competition are based on personality characteristics that are consistent across social situations.
C)   competitive participants in the "Wall Street Game" caused their partners to respond in kind.
D)   cooperative participants in the "Community Game" caused their partners to respond in kind.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Human thinking and reasoning abilities are truly amazing.
B)   People try to view the world as accurately as possible.
C)   People tend to distort reality to make themselves look good.
D)   People make errors because there is too much information to be able to process optimally.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Social psychologists tend to be more focused on ________, and personality psychologists tend to focus more on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   global issues; mental health
B)   societal problems; therapies for psychological disorders
C)   how people are unique; how people are similar
D)   the influence of the situation; individual differencesE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Shanika is an executive, and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her. The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment. If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation, what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Accepted Answer

A)   "My assistant is incompetent and I should fire him immediately."
B)   "All of my subordinates are incompetent."
C)   "I am the only intelligent person in this office."
D)   "Perhaps my assistant is under stress from something else."E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Assil has an educated guess about the social behavior of teenagers when their high school team wins the football game. That means that she has a(n)  ______ about how the teens behave.

Accepted Answer

A)   construal
B)   hypothesis
C)   Gestalt
D)   explicit valueE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Based on your text's account of research on self-fulfilling prophecies, explain why some children in a class might perform better than others even if the children are all of similar ability levels.

Accepted Answer

A self-fulfilling prophecy is a phenomen...

Question 20

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Accepted Answer

A)   find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these provide a test of the universality of laws of human behavior.
B)   have only recently expanded their research beyond the United States.
C)   find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the use of research methods deemed unethical in the United States.
D)   find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the discovery of additional variables that enable more accurate prediction.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Introducing Social Psychology

Correct Answer
verified

What is the take-home message of the authors' description of the presidents' decisions to continue and even escalate wars?

Correct Answer
verified

Based on your text's account of research on self-fulfilling prophecies, explain why some children in a class might perform better than others even if the children are all of similar ability levels.

Correct Answer
verified
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a phenomen...
View Answer

Shanika is an executive, and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her. The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment. If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation, what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Correct Answer
verified

Assil has an educated guess about the social behavior of teenagers when their high school team wins the football game. That means that she has a(n) ______ about how the teens behave.

Correct Answer
verified

Jamal was confused by his sister's relationship with her boyfriend. They just didn't seem to have anything in common. "Oh well," Jamal figured, "I guess opposites really do attract." Jamal's explanation is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Amber and Jules are friends but differ in how neat they keep their rooms. According to personality psychologists, the distinction between the friends can be referred to as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Correct Answer
verified

The authors of your text suggest that in the 1930s and 1940s, the most influential person in social psychology was

Correct Answer
verified

Lee Ross describes the idea of "naïve realism" as the

Correct Answer
verified

Last weekend, Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours. Wow, thinks Lance to himself, she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

How would a social psychologist explain the results of Rosenthal and Jacobson's (1968) study, in which erroneous teacher expectations changed the behaviors of their students?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the authors of your text, why did behaviorists not incorporate cognition, thinking, and feeling into their theory?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the role of folk wisdom in social psychology?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Thomas is scrupulously honest when it comes to not cheating on his tests and papers, but when a cashier accidentally gives him back too much change, he is likely to keep the extra money. A social psychologist would most likely say that Thomas's behavior

Correct Answer
verified

Social psychologists differ from sociologists in that social psychologists

Correct Answer
verified

Curtailing the spread of AIDS by using scary television ads to frighten people into practicing safe sex is unlikely to work because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Correct Answer
verified

Social psychologists tend to be more focused on , and personality psychologists tend to focus more on .

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Introducing Social Psychology

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the take-home message of the authors' description of the presidents' decisions to continue and even escalate wars?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on your text's account of research on self-fulfilling prophecies, explain why some children in a class might perform better than others even if the children are all of similar ability levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedA self-fulfilling prophecy is a phenomen...View AnswerShow Answer

Shanika is an executive, and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her. The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment. If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation, what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assil has an educated guess about the social behavior of teenagers when their high school team wins the football game. That means that she has a(n) ______ about how the teens behave.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jamal was confused by his sister's relationship with her boyfriend. They just didn't seem to have anything in common. "Oh well," Jamal figured, "I guess opposites really do attract." Jamal's explanation is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amber and Jules are friends but differ in how neat they keep their rooms. According to personality psychologists, the distinction between the friends can be referred to as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The authors of your text suggest that in the 1930s and 1940s, the most influential person in social psychology was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lee Ross describes the idea of "naïve realism" as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Last weekend, Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours. Wow, thinks Lance to himself, she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would a social psychologist explain the results of Rosenthal and Jacobson's (1968) study, in which erroneous teacher expectations changed the behaviors of their students?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the authors of your text, why did behaviorists not incorporate cognition, thinking, and feeling into their theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of folk wisdom in social psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thomas is scrupulously honest when it comes to not cheating on his tests and papers, but when a cashier accidentally gives him back too much change, he is likely to keep the extra money. A social psychologist would most likely say that Thomas's behavior

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social psychologists differ from sociologists in that social psychologists

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Curtailing the spread of AIDS by using scary television ads to frighten people into practicing safe sex is unlikely to work because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social psychologists tend to be more focused on ________, and personality psychologists tend to focus more on ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A self-fulfilling prophecy is a phenomen...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Social psychologists tend to be more focused on , and personality psychologists tend to focus more on .

Correct Answer
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