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Amanda is stressed out because she thinks she's too socially inept to make friends with her new classmates.Amanda best illustrates the debilitating effects of


A) an internal locus control.
B) a Type A personality.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) pessimism.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to the prevention and treatment of illness is known as


A) medical psychology.
B) health psychology.
C) behavioral psychology.
D) psychobiology.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Jason closes his eyes and focuses on becoming aware of his moment-to-moment bodily sensations such as the expansion and compression of his lungs as he slowly inhales and exhales breaths of air.Jason best illustrates


A) self-control.
B) a Type A personality.
C) mindfulness meditation.
D) an external locus of control.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Vaseem experienced excessive fear while flying because he interpreted his rapid heart rate,shallow breathing,and heavy perspiration as a reaction to the imminent danger of a plane crash.When his psychotherapist convinced him that this physical arousal was simply a harmless reaction to acceleration,cabin pressure,and confined space,his fear of flying was greatly reduced.The reduction in Vaseem's fear is best understood in terms of the


A) James-Lange theory.
B) two-factor theory.
C) Yerkes-Dodson law
D) guilty knowledge test.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Israelis living in nonreligious collective settlements were observed to have ________ than those living in religiously orthodox collective settlements.


A) higher rates of death
B) better emotion-focused coping skills
C) better self-control
D) better problem-focused coping skills

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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In response to a stressful work deadline,Jonas' heart rate increased and blood was diverted from his digestive organs to his skeletal muscles.These physical reactions best characterize the ________ phase of the ________.


A) first;tend-and-befriend response
B) first;general adaptation syndrome
C) third;tend-and-befriend response
D) third;general adaptation syndrome

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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In which country are people most likely to convey visible facial expressions of their inner feelings?


A) China
B) Australia
C) Japan
D) India

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Patients reportedly feel less depressed following between-the-eyebrows Botox injections that immobilize their frown muscles.This best illustrates the


A) behavior feedback effect.
B) Darwin's evolutionary theory.
C) Ekman's facial expression theory.
D) facial feedback effect.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Research has indicated that rats become more vulnerable to ulcers when exposed to ________ shocks.


A) predictable
B) uncontrollable
C) low-intensity
D) repeated

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Viral infections are to ________ as bacterial infections are to ________.


A) B lymphocytes;T lymphocytes
B) Type B personalities;Type A personalities
C) T lymphocytes;B lymphocytes
D) Type A personalities;Type B personalities

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A perceived loss of control is associated with ________ stress hormone levels and ________ immune system activity.


A) increased;decreased
B) decreased;increased
C) increased;increased
D) decreased;decreased

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A psychologist would have the greatest difficulty differentiating between anger and fear by monitoring the ________ associated with each.


A) self-reported conscious experience
B) facial expressions
C) heart rates
D) brain activity

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Rosaria is upset with her husband for not putting his dirty clothes in the laundry basket.Anger experts would most likely recommend that she deal with her frustration by saying to him


A) "I'm not your mother.Take some responsibility."
B) "From now on I'm going to leave my dirty clothes around for you to pick up."
C) "It annoys me that you leave your dirty clothes for me to pick up."
D) "I refuse to make dinner until you do the laundry."

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear or happiness is called


A) the spillover effect.
B) the feel-good,do-good phenomenon.
C) spontaneous expression.
D) the facial feedback effect.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Chiana and her husband both want to feel and express greater warmth and affection for each other.They would be advised to spend time looking intently at one another's


A) eyes.
B) lips.
C) hand gestures.
D) body postures.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Ten-year-old Vito tells his friend,"When you notice that your knees knock,your hands sweat,and your stomach is in knots,then you really get emotional." This statement best illustrates the


A) Cannon-Bard theory.
B) James-Lange theory.
C) Yerkes-Dodson law.
D) two-factor theory.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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According to the catharsis hypothesis,retaliating against someone who provokes us can calm us down because retaliation


A) relieves aggressive urges.
B) reduces the effects of flow.
C) promotes shared experiences.
D) triggers the adaptation-level phenomenon.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is most likely to calm us and reduce blood pressure and stress hormone levels?


A) increased cortisol levels
B) social support
C) an external locus of control
D) a Type A personality

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Research suggests that subjective well-being is fostered by keeping a(n) ________ journal.


A) happiness set point
B) relative deprivation
C) heritability
D) gratitude

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Imitating another person's facial expression of emotion is most likely to facilitate


A) the facial feedback effect.
B) the catharsis of aggressive feelings.
C) parasympathetic nervous system activity.
D) empathy.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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