Question 1

Chemical weathering will eventually change a quartz crystal into clay minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Sand-size grains of feldspar can be preserved in a soil profile over great time periods because of feldspar's resistance to chemical weathering.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H+) to a chemical reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Water can combine with iron oxide to form ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   silica
B)   limonite
C)   calcium, sodium, or potassium ions
D)   galena
E)   hydrogen ionsF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

In tropical regions where temperatures are high and rainfall abundant, highly leached soils called _______ (oxisols)  form.

Accepted Answer

A)   laterite soil
B)   lateral soil
C)   transported soil
D)   paleosol
E)   pelagic soilF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

In arid climates, soils are thin and soil water tends to move ______

Accepted Answer

A)   laterally
B)   downward
C)   upward
D)   only within a given soil horizon
E)   sluggishly, if at allF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Hydrogen ions given off by natural acids can disrupt the crystal structure of most minerals, making the structure susceptible to further decomposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A soil formed entirely through the weathering of basalt would not contain sand-sized grains of __.

Accepted Answer

A)   clay
B)   feldspar
C)   olivine
D)   pyroxene
E)   quartzF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 9

The _______ horizon is the dark-colored soil horizon that is rich in organic material and forms just below the surface vegetation.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   E
E)   OF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

When feldspar is attacked by carbonic acid it forms _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   water, clay, and potassium
B)   a clay mineral
C)   clays and halite
D)   potassium, calcium, and bicarbonate ions
E)   potassium feldspar, which does not undergo chemical weatheringF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following landforms are created from unloading?

Accepted Answer

A)   volcanoes
B)   pressure release domes
C)   sink holes
D)   exfoliation domes
E)   regolithF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze, expand, and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   glue the rock more tightly together
B)   make the rock harder
C)   seal the crack thereby preventing further weathering
D)   widen the crack and hastening the rock's disintegration
E)   displace surface acids that may weaken the rockF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Of the many processes that cause rocks to disintegrate, the most effective are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   animal burrowing and frost wedging
B)   pressure release and frost action
C)   weathering and erosion
D)   transportation and deposition
E)   all listed are effectiveF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Olivine weathers rapidly because its isolated silicon-oxygen tetrahedra are held together by _________ ionic bonds to iron and magnesium.

Accepted Answer

A)   strong
B)   long
C)   weak
D)   acid resistant
E)   shortF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Because the crystal structure of ice is different from that of water, liquid water expands when it freezes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The B-horizon in soil is the zone of accumulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Transportation is the picking up or physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as running water or glaciers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

______ is weathered unconsolidated material on top of solid bedrock.

Accepted Answer

A)   Clay
B)   Sand
C)   Mud
D)   Dirt
E)   RegolithF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Compared with quartz, minerals that include the positively charged ions of aluminum, iron, magnesium, and calcium are ___ vulnerable to chemical weathering by acidic solutions.

Accepted Answer

A)   just as
B)   less
C)   more
D)   notE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

_______ is a byproduct of rock weathering.

Accepted Answer

A)   Soil
B)   Metamorphic rock
C)   Igneous rock
D)   Water
E)   OilF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Exam 5: Weathering and Soil

Transportation is the picking up or physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as running water or glaciers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the crystal structure of ice is different from that of water, liquid water expands when it freezes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sand-size grains of feldspar can be preserved in a soil profile over great time periods because of feldspar's resistance to chemical weathering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Olivine weathers rapidly because its isolated silicon-oxygen tetrahedra are held together by _________ ionic bonds to iron and magnesium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following landforms are created from unloading?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In tropical regions where temperatures are high and rainfall abundant, highly leached soils called _______ (oxisols) form.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with quartz, minerals that include the positively charged ions of aluminum, iron, magnesium, and calcium are ___ vulnerable to chemical weathering by acidic solutions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrogen ions given off by natural acids can disrupt the crystal structure of most minerals, making the structure susceptible to further decomposition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In arid climates, soils are thin and soil water tends to move ______

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the many processes that cause rocks to disintegrate, the most effective are ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze, expand, and _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water can combine with iron oxide to form ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H+) to a chemical reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ horizon is the dark-colored soil horizon that is rich in organic material and forms just below the surface vegetation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The B-horizon in soil is the zone of accumulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When feldspar is attacked by carbonic acid it forms _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ is weathered unconsolidated material on top of solid bedrock.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A soil formed entirely through the weathering of basalt would not contain sand-sized grains of __.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical weathering will eventually change a quartz crystal into clay minerals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is a byproduct of rock weathering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H⁺) to a chemical reaction.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified